Sendero Luminoso

As I promised my sister here is more information on the history of the Shining Path in Peru, or Sendero Luminoso in Spanish. Sorry to those of you who do not enjoy boring political

stuff.

The story begins in the year 1968 when president Fernando Belaunde Terry was removed from office in a military coup. For twelve years the country was ruled by a radical military regime. By 1980, when Peru held popular elections again, the country was ripe for revolution. Many different groups of rebels scoured the country. One group was started by a man named Abimael Guzman. He was a professor of philosophy and began teaching communism and peasant-led revolution in the 1970’s. The group call themselves the “Sendero Luminoso” (SL) or shining path because they believed communism was the shinning path of the future, and Guzman was the self proclaimed president. By the 1980 elections, the SL had a large following of mostly rural farmers and peasants. But when they began burning ballot boxes to protest the elections hardly anyone noticed. At that point the SL was one of many rebel groups and only had a following in the sparsely populated Andes mountains. In 1980 President Fernando Belaunde Terry was re-elected and the country seemed to be headed in the right direction. But in the mountains the SL formed militia groups and took over control of large areas. The people supported them until they began to propose collective property ownership and abolishing the currency and local markets. The problem was anyone who fought the SL was killed. So by 1984 the SL was killing 14,000 people per year and controlled the central part of the country. The campesinos or rural people formed an illegal army armed with spears and slingshots to fight the SL and that only lead to more slaughters.

In 1985, new president Alan Garcia began to fight the SL by sending the Peruvian army into the mountains. The army couldn’t tell the SL from the campesinos so they began to kill everyone in infamous massacres that are still under investigation today. By 1986 the SL controlled 60% of the country and were attacking the capital of Lima. They bombed electrical towers to black out the city and detonated car bombs in front of government buildings and embassies. They also assassinated opposing party leaders, government officials, and even American and French citizens. This activity lead to the collapse of the economic system in Peru. Hyperinflation, the collapse of the currency, and huge debts followed.

Finally an independent organization called the Instituto Libertad y Democracia (ILD) got involved. The ILD identified the difference between the groups by the language they spoke: campesinos spoke Quecha and SL spoke only Spanish.  With the help of the US and ILD, the Peruvian government armed and trained the campesinos to fight the SL. The US got involved to fight communism and drug trafficking. The SL controlled the coca fields and were trafficking cocaine to US to fund the war. Once the peasants were armed, the tide turned and in 1992 President of the SL, Abimeal Guzman, was captured. After his capture the SL lacked leadership and fell apart but not quickly. The SL continued fighting for 15 more years and overall 70,000 people died or disappeared in the uprising. Even April 9^th of this year one day before elections they attacked and killed 10 military personal in a remote area of the country.

Sorry to bore you with all the details but the history of the Shinning Path is important to the history of Peru. In 1990, with the government falling apart, a poll was taken and over 80% of the people supported the SL. Today although the SL is gone there is still a deep mistrust of the government by the people. Ask anyone on the street what they think of the government and you will always get a negative response. Voting is mandatory and around 15% of people spoil their vote in protest of the government. On Sunday June 5^th there is a runoff election here for President of Peru. Please pray for peace and for God’s will to be done here.

I urge, then, first of all, that petitions, prayers, intercession and thanksgiving be made for all people- for kings and all those in authority, that we may live peaceful and quite lives in all godliness and holiness. This is good, and pleases God our Savior, who wants all people to be saved and to come to a knowledge of the truth. 1 Timothy 2:1-4

5% Fluent

After 15 weeks of language school I would like to share with you a brief look at what some of my time has been like. I have two classes every day, practical class is one on one with an instructor and grammar class is in a group of 3-5.

Practical class is mostly conversation, which at first was a little difficult. My instructor Juan Carlos doesn’t speak English. The first week went like this: Juan Carlos would ask me a question in Spanish, I responded “No entiendo”, he responded “busquelo” which means look it up. I would then look in the dictionary.  After a few weeks of class he took me to buy a new one because he didn't think mine had enough words in it!  In an hour and a half of classes we might have completed 4-5 sentences. Every night I had homework, writing sentences using verbs he assigned. But evidently I didn’t understand how to use the verbs correctly, so the next day I would read my homework and Juan Carlos would look at me and say “no, no puede,” meaning you can not use it like that. Everyday, every sentence was wrong and he always responded with “no puede.” Now I am not a violent man and have never punch someone in my life but for some reason I had an irresistible urge to punch my instructor every day. I spent the majority of class with my nose in the dictionary and getting corrected every time I opened my mouth. What fun!

After practical I would go to grammar class. I have the sweetest old Peruvian lady named Abby. She teaches all the fun stuff of Spanish; parts of speech, sentence structure, and of course VERB CONJUGATION. This is in bold because it is the most important part of Spanish. They say there are 14 ways to conjugate a verb but they are wrong, it is closer to 114. Each verb has 1^st person singular and plural, 2^nd person singular, and 3^rd person singular and plural. But that is only in present tense. There are five forms of the verb in all four past tenses, three future tenses, commands and don’t forget subjuntivo. This is a form of the verb that I don’t even know if it exists in English. It is used if you have doubt but only in certain situations and is used all the time in Spanish. It creates a soft way of speaking instead of direct and rude communication. And since I don’t know how to use it well, (yet) that makes me a rude American. Then you can change the verb to make it a noun, adjective or adverb. Grammar was my least favorite subject in grade school and so I now think I officially I know more about Spanish grammar than I know about English grammar. But that’s not saying much. My brain hurts everyday after class but at least I don’t want to punch Abby in the face. 

But 15 weeks later things have changed. I can carry on a conversation in practical class. Juan Carlos and I discuss politics, economics, and culture. We often read the bible together and pray together. Many times my homework is to read the bible and write a commentary on it. Some days we just solve the worlds problems. Other times we take field trips around the city to investigate the culture. I have been to lumber yards, home improvement stores, furniture stores, pharmacies, and insurance agencies. I’ll never forget the day he taught me how to hail a taxi and negotiate the price. I had to stand on the corner and stop 10 different taxis and ask the price to a certain location then say “no gracias” every time. After ten I figured out a fair price and stopped the next one and negotiated.  Everything is negotiable here. One day we road the combi, it is like a bus except three times the number of people as capacity and half the size of a real bus and it cost 25 cents. Standing room only on bumpy streets, in stop and go traffic, with people yelling in Spanish.  It is a real cultural experience. 

This is a combi I saw that ran into a house!

I still get corrected every sentence and look up a lot of words but I am much quicker due to all the practice I have had. In grammar I can (slowly) spit out most verb conjugations and form sentences in the correct order. Although this is very difficult with direct and indirect pronouns, I am making progress. 

My biggest frustration is how much I feel I don’t know. I assumed after a few months of language school I would be fluent.  They say that it takes 7 years to become fluent which is 364 weeks, so after 15 weeks I should be 4% fluent. That makes me feel better about myself because I am at least 5% fluent. But why didn’t God call me to study math?

To Lima and Home Again

Last week we took a trip to Lima.  The kids enjoyed flying again and a break from routine and school.  We were blessed to have some wonderful time together as a family.

Well, it's official.  Josh and I have been approved by the government to stay and minister in Peru.  We can now also get cell phones (and other services) in our names and obtain driver's licenses (I do not desire to drive here unless I have to!).  We have also started the process for the kids.  We will have to return to Lima at some point to pick up their carnets - then we will be finished with the process except for annual renewals which we understand are easier.

After our 6 hours at the migration office in Lima (I should have taken a picture there) during which we did homework, read books, played UNO, and ate snacks, Josh and I were able to pick up our carnets and apply for the kids.  Lucy said, "Oh good, now we can stay."  

 
To reward the children (and, let's be honest, ourselves!) we went to Parque de Aguas in the evening.  The park doesn't open until close to dark because it is a lighted fountain park.  We took towels and changes of clothes because you're allowed to play in some of them.  It's fall here and after dark it is quite chilly but the kids had a blast and it was really beautiful!

The following day we visited Parque de Leyendas, a zoo.  Throughout the park you can also see pre Inca ruins.  We enjoyed seeing animals from different regions of South America and specifically looking for animals that live in the jungle.  

There are several mission houses in Lima which are a blessing as they offer much more affordable accommodations for families and have kitchenettes so you can prepare your own meals.  Just a few blocks from the mission house we stayed in is the coast.  Our last day we spent walking to the coast and enjoying the playground.  I love to see my kids interacting with Peruvian kids and using the Spanish they've learned so far.  They had a blast - I think it was their favorite day!
 

 

 

Friday evening we were blessed to meet a young family who has just begun serving in Yurimaguas but who were also in Lima as they're awaiting the birth of their daughter.  One of my greatest prayers and desires was to have a good friend (and mom of young kids) in Yuri and when we decided to go, there were no other families with children there.  We're so thankful that God has provided in their family friends for our family!  They have 2 young boys and Henry and Judah became instant friends and can't wait to see each other again!  We really enjoyed the evening getting to know one another, sharing how God led us here, and encouraging one another.  

We were all glad to return to Arequipa.  Although it is a large city, it is quite peaceful.  Lucy still struggles with missing home and when we returned she was commenting that she wanted to go home.  Henry said, "Lucy, we are home".  This was music to my ears as he is adjusting well (although he still doesn't love school).  Maggie was ecstatic to be home and sleep in her own bed!  Lucy is learning at a young age that following God has a cost, but we remember fondly times with friends and family in Indiana and look forward to reuniting someday.  Lucy was excited to go back to school and wore a bracelet that a dear friend in Indiana made for her to "take a piece of home with her".  We're still praying for God to provide a girl her age in Yurimaguas.  He has proven so faithful to us along the way, we know He will in this too and are excited to see how He does it!

~ Jennifer